子类定义

子类的语法和设计

了解如何实现子类、从子类调用超类方法以及控制哪些类可以从超类派生。

工具

创建图来调查类细节和层次结构 (自 R2021a 起)

superclasses 超类的名称

`matlab.diagram.ClassViewer`	在类图查看器中创建类图 (自 R2021a 起)
`matlab.mixin.Heterogeneous`	异构数组构造的超类

Hierarchies of Classes — Concepts
Organizing classes into hierarchies facilitates the reuse of code.
Designing Heterogeneous Class Hierarchies
Heterogeneous arrays can contain objects of different class, but all objects in the array must derive from a common superclass.

子类语法
在 classdef 行中的类名后指定超类。
设计子类构造函数
在类文件的 classdef 行中指定超类。
对子类对象调用超类方法
子类方法可以覆盖继承的超类方法。子类方法可以调用它们覆盖的超类方法。
Control Sequence of Constructor Calls
Control the order in which MATLAB^® constructs objects in class hierarchy.
修改继承的方法
子类可以修改继承的方法。
Modify Inherited Properties
Subclasses can modify inherited properties that are abstract or private.
Subclassing Multiple Classes
Multiple inheritance can lead to conflicting definitions. All superclasses must be free of conflicts in definition.
Specify Allowed Subclasses
Classes can restrict the classes that can derive from it.

Handle Compatible Classes
Enable both handle and value classes to derive from a specific class.
How to Define Handle-Compatible Classes
Handle compatible classes have applications for mixin and abstract superclasses.
Methods for Handle-Compatible Classes
Handle-compatible class methods must work with both handle and value objects.
Handle-Compatible Classes and Heterogeneous Arrays
Heterogeneous class hierarchies impose certain restrictions when classes are handle compatible.